CVE-2012-0391

Name: CVE-2012-0391
Creator: NVD / NIST
Published: 2012-01-08T15:55:01.217+00:00
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

CRITICALCVSS 9.8/10Actively ExploitedEPSS 75.07%

Last modified Jun 16, 2026

CVE-2012-0391 is a critical-severity vulnerability rated 9.8/10 on the CVSS scale. The ExceptionDelegator component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during certain exception handling for mismatched data types of properties, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java code via a crafted parameter.. CISA has confirmed active exploitation in the wild. EPSS estimates a 75.07% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

The ExceptionDelegator component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during certain exception handling for mismatched data types of properties, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java code via a crafted parameter.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1

9.8/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Probability

75.07%

99.4th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Exploitation Status

This vulnerability is listed in CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, confirming active exploitation in the wild. Federal agencies must remediate by Jul 21, 2022.

Weakness Enumeration

Affected Software

Vendor	Product	Versions
Apache	Struts	< 2.2.3.1

References

http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2012-01/0031.htmlBroken Link, Exploit
http://secunia.com/advisories/47393Vendor Advisory
http://struts.apache.org/2.x/docs/s2-008.htmlVendor Advisory
http://struts.apache.org/2.x/docs/version-notes-2311.htmlVendor Advisory
http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/18329Exploit
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/WW-3668Vendor Advisory
https://www.sec-consult.com/files/20120104-0_Apache_Struts2_Multiple_Critical_Vulnerabilities.txtBroken Link, Exploit
http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2012-01/0031.htmlBroken Link, Exploit
http://secunia.com/advisories/47393Vendor Advisory
http://struts.apache.org/2.x/docs/s2-008.htmlVendor Advisory
http://struts.apache.org/2.x/docs/version-notes-2311.htmlVendor Advisory
http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/18329Exploit
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/WW-3668Vendor Advisory
https://www.sec-consult.com/files/20120104-0_Apache_Struts2_Multiple_Critical_Vulnerabilities.txtBroken Link, Exploit
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2012-0391US Government Resource

Timeline

Published: Jan 8, 2012
Last Modified: Jun 16, 2026
Status: Analyzed

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2012-0391?

How severe is CVE-2012-0391?

CVE-2012-0391 has a CVSS score of 9.8/10 (CRITICAL severity). The EPSS model estimates a 75.07% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. This vulnerability is listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

How do I fix CVE-2012-0391?

Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

Are you affected by CVE-2012-0391?

Run a free Strix scan to check your systems for this vulnerability.

Scan your code now

Source: NVD / NIST