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CVE-2025-0678

HIGHCVSS 7.8/10EPSS 0.27%

Last modified

CVE-2025-0678 is a high-severity vulnerability rated 7.8/10 on the CVSS scale. A flaw was found in grub2. When reading data from a squash4 filesystem, grub's squash4 fs module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. EPSS estimates a 0.27% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

A flaw was found in grub2. When reading data from a squash4 filesystem, grub's squash4 fs module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciously crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculations to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result, the direct_read() will perform a heap based out-of-bounds write during data reading. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution, by-passing secure boot protections.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1
7.8/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Probability
0.27%

18.4th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

Affected Software

VendorProductVersions
GnuGrub2<= 2.12
RedhatOpenshift Container Platform4.0
RedhatEnterprise Linux7.0
RedhatEnterprise Linux8.0
RedhatEnterprise Linux9.0

References

Timeline

Published
Last Modified
Status
Modified

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-0678?
A flaw was found in grub2. When reading data from a squash4 filesystem, grub's squash4 fs module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciously crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculations to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result, the direct_read() will perform a heap based out-of-bounds write during data reading. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution, by-passing secure boot protections.
How severe is CVE-2025-0678?
CVE-2025-0678 has a CVSS score of 7.8/10 (HIGH severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.27% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2025-0678?
Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

Are you affected by CVE-2025-0678?

Run a free Strix scan to check your systems for this vulnerability.

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Source: NVD / NIST