CVE-2025-12044
Last modified
CVE-2025-12044 is a high-severity vulnerability rated 7.5/10 on the CVSS scale. Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393] which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. EPSS estimates a 0.52% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.
Description
Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393] which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.
Metrics
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness Enumeration
Affected Software
| Vendor | Product | Versions |
|---|---|---|
| Hashicorp | Vault | >= 1.16.25, < 1.16.27 |
| Hashicorp | Vault | >= 1.18.14, <= 1.18.15 |
| Hashicorp | Vault | >= 1.19.9, <= 1.19.11 |
| Hashicorp | Vault | >= 1.20.3, < 1.20.5 |
| Hashicorp | Vault | >= 1.20.3, < 1.21.0 |
References
Timeline
- Published
- Last Modified
- Status
- Analyzed
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- How Strix found a critical auth bypass in etcdStrix autonomously discovered a critical authentication bypass in etcd, later designated CVE-2026-33413.
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