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CVE-2025-15039

CRITICALCVSS 9.4/10EPSS 0.39%

Last modified

CVE-2025-15039 is a critical-severity vulnerability rated 9.4/10 on the CVSS scale. The Conditional Authentication (Adaptive Authentication) script does not correctly enforce the completion of all required authentication steps when a specific multi-step pattern involving certain authenticators is configured. This allows an attacker to bypass intermediate authentication challenges by exploiting how the script handles callbacks and re-execution of authentication steps. Successful exploitation allows a malicious actor to gain unauthorized access to a targeted user account. EPSS estimates a 0.39% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

The Conditional Authentication (Adaptive Authentication) script does not correctly enforce the completion of all required authentication steps when a specific multi-step pattern involving certain authenticators is configured. This allows an attacker to bypass intermediate authentication challenges by exploiting how the script handles callbacks and re-execution of authentication steps. Successful exploitation allows a malicious actor to gain unauthorized access to a targeted user account. This vulnerability can only be exploited when all of the following conditions are met: the application login flow contains a specific secondary authenticator, the Conditional Authentication script is configured with particular event callbacks and re-executes an authentication step, the targeted user has one of the impacted authenticators enrolled, and the attacker successfully completes any preceding authentication steps.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1
9.4/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L

EPSS Probability
0.39%

32.1th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

Affected Software

VendorProductVersions
Wso2Api Control Plane>= 4.5.0, < 4.5.0.45
Wso2Api Control Plane>= 4.6.0, < 4.6.0.9
Wso2Api Manager>= 2.6.0, < 2.6.0.150
Wso2Api Manager>= 3.0.0, < 3.0.0.180
Wso2Api Manager>= 3.1.0, < 3.1.0.356
Wso2Api Manager>= 3.2.0, < 3.2.0.460
Wso2Api Manager>= 3.2.1, < 3.2.1.79
Wso2Api Manager>= 4.0.0, < 4.0.0.381
Wso2Api Manager>= 4.1.0, < 4.1.0.244
Wso2Api Manager>= 4.2.0, < 4.2.0.184
Wso2Api Manager>= 4.3.0, < 4.3.0.95
Wso2Api Manager>= 4.4.0, < 4.4.0.59
Wso2Api Manager>= 4.5.0, < 4.5.0.44
Wso2Api Manager>= 4.6.0, < 4.6.0.8
Wso2Identity Server>= 5.7.0, < 5.7.0.130
Wso2Identity Server>= 5.8.0, < 5.8.0.133
Wso2Identity Server>= 5.9.0, < 5.9.0.173
Wso2Identity Server>= 5.10.0, < 5.10.0.385
Wso2Identity Server>= 5.11.0, < 5.11.0.432
Wso2Identity Server>= 6.0.0, < 6.0.0.259
Wso2Identity Server>= 6.1.0, < 6.1.0.260
Wso2Identity Server>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.0.138
Wso2Identity Server>= 7.1.0, < 7.1.0.49
Wso2Identity Server>= 7.2.0, < 7.2.0.7
Wso2Identity Server As Key Manager>= 5.7.0, < 5.7.0.129
Wso2Identity Server As Key Manager>= 5.9.0, < 5.9.0.179
Wso2Identity Server As Key Manager>= 5.10.0, < 5.10.0.376
Wso2Open Banking Am>= 1.4.0, < 1.4.0.143
Wso2Open Banking Am>= 1.5.0, < 1.5.0.144
Wso2Open Banking Am>= 2.0.0, < 2.0.0.405
Wso2Open Banking Iam>= 2.0.0, < 2.0.0.425
Wso2Open Banking Km>= 1.4.0, < 1.4.0.137
Wso2Open Banking Km>= 1.5.0, < 1.5.0.127
Wso2Traffic Manager>= 4.5.0, < 4.5.0.43
Wso2Traffic Manager>= 4.6.0, < 4.6.0.8
Wso2Universal Gateway>= 4.5.0, < 4.5.0.44
Wso2Universal Gateway>= 4.6.0, < 4.6.0.8

References

Timeline

Published
Last Modified
Status
Analyzed

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-15039?
The Conditional Authentication (Adaptive Authentication) script does not correctly enforce the completion of all required authentication steps when a specific multi-step pattern involving certain authenticators is configured. This allows an attacker to bypass intermediate authentication challenges by exploiting how the script handles callbacks and re-execution of authentication steps. Successful exploitation allows a malicious actor to gain unauthorized access to a targeted user account. This vulnerability can only be exploited when all of the following conditions are met: the application login flow contains a specific secondary authenticator, the Conditional Authentication script is configured with particular event callbacks and re-executes an authentication step, the targeted user has one of the impacted authenticators enrolled, and the attacker successfully completes any preceding authentication steps.
How severe is CVE-2025-15039?
CVE-2025-15039 has a CVSS score of 9.4/10 (CRITICAL severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.39% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2025-15039?
Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

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Source: NVD / NIST