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CVE-2025-31123

HIGHCVSS 8.7/10EPSS 0.36%

Last modified

CVE-2025-31123 is a high-severity vulnerability rated 8.7/10 on the CVSS scale. Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. A vulnerability existed where expired keys can be used to retrieve tokens. EPSS estimates a 0.36% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. A vulnerability existed where expired keys can be used to retrieve tokens. Specifically, ZITADEL fails to properly check the expiration date of the JWT key when used for Authorization Grants. This allows an attacker with an expired key to obtain valid access tokens. This vulnerability does not affect the use of JWT Profile for OAuth 2.0 Client Authentication on the Token and Introspection endpoints, which correctly reject expired keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1
8.7/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

EPSS Probability
0.36%

27.9th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

Affected Software

VendorProductVersions
ZitadelZitadel>= 2.62.0, < 2.63.9
ZitadelZitadel>= 2.64.0, < 2.64.6
ZitadelZitadel>= 2.65.0, < 2.65.7
ZitadelZitadel>= 2.66.0, < 2.66.16
ZitadelZitadel>= 2.67.0, < 2.67.13
ZitadelZitadel>= 2.68.0, < 2.68.9
ZitadelZitadel>= 2.69.0, < 2.69.9
ZitadelZitadel>= 2.70.0, < 2.70.8
ZitadelZitadel>= 2.71.0, < 2.71.6

References

Timeline

Published
Last Modified
Status
Analyzed

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-31123?
Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. A vulnerability existed where expired keys can be used to retrieve tokens. Specifically, ZITADEL fails to properly check the expiration date of the JWT key when used for Authorization Grants. This allows an attacker with an expired key to obtain valid access tokens. This vulnerability does not affect the use of JWT Profile for OAuth 2.0 Client Authentication on the Token and Introspection endpoints, which correctly reject expired keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.
How severe is CVE-2025-31123?
CVE-2025-31123 has a CVSS score of 8.7/10 (HIGH severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.36% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2025-31123?
Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

Are you affected by CVE-2025-31123?

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Source: NVD / NIST