CVE-2025-52886

Name: CVE-2025-52886
Creator: NVD / NIST
Published: 2025-07-02T16:15:28.933+00:00
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

MEDIUMCVSS 5.5/10EPSS 0.37%

Last modified Jun 17, 2026

CVE-2025-52886 is a medium-severity vulnerability rated 5.5/10 on the CVSS scale. Poppler is a PDF rendering library. Versions prior to 25.06.0 use `std::atomic_int` for reference counting. EPSS estimates a 0.37% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

Poppler is a PDF rendering library. Versions prior to 25.06.0 use `std::atomic_int` for reference counting. Because `std::atomic_int` is only 32 bits, it is possible to overflow the reference count and trigger a use-after-free. Version 25.06.0 patches the issue.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1

5.9/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS 4.0

5.5/10

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

EPSS Probability

0.37%

28.9th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

CWE-416

Affected Software

Vendor	Product	Versions
Freedesktop	Poppler	< 25.06.0

References

https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/04bd91684ed41d67ae0f10cde0660e4ed74ac203Patch
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/ac36affcc8486de38e8905a8d6547a3464ff46e5Patch
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/issues/1581Exploit, Issue Tracking, Vendor Advisory
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/merge_requests/1828Product
https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2025-054_poppler/Exploit, Third Party Advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/11/5
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/12/1

Timeline

Published: Jul 2, 2025
Last Modified: Jun 17, 2026
Status: Modified

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-52886?

How severe is CVE-2025-52886?

CVE-2025-52886 has a CVSS score of 5.5/10 (MEDIUM severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.37% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

How do I fix CVE-2025-52886?

Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

Are you affected by CVE-2025-52886?

Run a free Strix scan to check your systems for this vulnerability.

Scan your code now

Source: NVD / NIST