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CVE-2026-14574

MEDIUMCVSS 6.5/10EPSS 0.15%

Last modified

CVE-2026-14574 is a medium-severity vulnerability rated 6.5/10 on the CVSS scale. In Eclipse Theia versions 0.7.0 and up until including 1.73.1, the `PreferenceUtils.merge` function in `@theia/core` recursively merges preference values without rejecting prototype-related keys (`__proto__`, `constructor`, `prototype`). Because this function is invoked by `PreferenceServiceImpl.doResolve` for every preference resolution across scopes (default, user, workspace, folder), a crafted preference value in a workspace settings file (`.theia/settings.json` or `.vscode/settings.json`) can pollute `Object.prototype` when the user opens the workspace, potentially altering application logic across the Theia process.. EPSS estimates a 0.15% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

In Eclipse Theia versions 0.7.0 and up until including 1.73.1, the `PreferenceUtils.merge` function in `@theia/core` recursively merges preference values without rejecting prototype-related keys (`__proto__`, `constructor`, `prototype`). Because this function is invoked by `PreferenceServiceImpl.doResolve` for every preference resolution across scopes (default, user, workspace, folder), a crafted preference value in a workspace settings file (`.theia/settings.json` or `.vscode/settings.json`) can pollute `Object.prototype` when the user opens the workspace, potentially altering application logic across the Theia process.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1
6.5/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CVSS 4.0
5.7/10

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

EPSS Probability
0.15%

4.5th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

Affected Software

VendorProductVersions
EclipseTheia>= 0.7.0, < 1.74.0

References

Timeline

Published
Last Modified
Status
Analyzed

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-14574?
In Eclipse Theia versions 0.7.0 and up until including 1.73.1, the `PreferenceUtils.merge` function in `@theia/core` recursively merges preference values without rejecting prototype-related keys (`__proto__`, `constructor`, `prototype`). Because this function is invoked by `PreferenceServiceImpl.doResolve` for every preference resolution across scopes (default, user, workspace, folder), a crafted preference value in a workspace settings file (`.theia/settings.json` or `.vscode/settings.json`) can pollute `Object.prototype` when the user opens the workspace, potentially altering application logic across the Theia process.
How severe is CVE-2026-14574?
CVE-2026-14574 has a CVSS score of 6.5/10 (MEDIUM severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.15% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2026-14574?
Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

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Source: NVD / NIST