CVE-2026-28391

Name: CVE-2026-28391
Creator: NVD / NIST
Published: 2026-03-05T22:16:15.36+00:00
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

CRITICALCVSS 9.2/10EPSS 0.50%

Last modified Jun 17, 2026

CVE-2026-28391 is a critical-severity vulnerability rated 9.2/10 on the CVSS scale. OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.2 fail to properly validate Windows cmd.exe metacharacters in allowlist-gated exec requests (non-default configuration), allowing attackers to bypass command approval restrictions. Remote attackers can craft command strings with shell metacharacters like & or %...% to execute unapproved commands beyond the allowlisted operations.. EPSS estimates a 0.50% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.2 fail to properly validate Windows cmd.exe metacharacters in allowlist-gated exec requests (non-default configuration), allowing attackers to bypass command approval restrictions. Remote attackers can craft command strings with shell metacharacters like & or %...% to execute unapproved commands beyond the allowlisted operations.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1

9.8/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS 4.0

9.2/10

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

EPSS Probability

0.50%

38.9th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

Affected Software

Vendor	Product	Versions
Openclaw	Openclaw	< 2026.2.2

References

https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/a7f4a53ce80c98ba1452eb90802d447fca9bf3d6Patch
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qj77-c3c8-9c3qVendor Advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-command-injection-via-cmdexe-parsing-bypass-in-allowlist-enforcementBroken Link, Third Party Advisory

Timeline

Published: Mar 5, 2026
Last Modified: Jun 17, 2026
Status: Modified

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-28391?

How severe is CVE-2026-28391?

CVE-2026-28391 has a CVSS score of 9.2/10 (CRITICAL severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.50% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

How do I fix CVE-2026-28391?

Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

Are you affected by CVE-2026-28391?

Run a free Strix scan to check your systems for this vulnerability.

Scan your code now

Source: NVD / NIST