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CVE-2026-40520

HIGHCVSS 8.8/10EPSS 1.38%

Last modified

CVE-2026-40520 is a high-severity vulnerability rated 8.8/10 on the CVSS scale. FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL moduleOperations mutation with backtick-wrapped commands in the module field to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying host as the web server user.. EPSS estimates a 1.38% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL moduleOperations mutation with backtick-wrapped commands in the module field to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying host as the web server user.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1
8.8/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS 4.0
8.6/10

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

EPSS Probability
1.38%

68.9th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

Affected Software

VendorProductVersions
FreepbxApi< 17.0.8

References

Timeline

Published
Last Modified
Status
Analyzed

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-40520?
FreePBX api module version 17.0.8 and prior contain a command injection vulnerability in the initiateGqlAPIProcess() function where GraphQL mutation input fields are passed directly to shell_exec() without sanitization or escaping. An authenticated user with a valid bearer token can send a GraphQL moduleOperations mutation with backtick-wrapped commands in the module field to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying host as the web server user.
How severe is CVE-2026-40520?
CVE-2026-40520 has a CVSS score of 8.8/10 (HIGH severity). The EPSS model estimates a 1.38% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2026-40520?
Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

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Source: NVD / NIST