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CVE-2026-45927

MEDIUMCVSS 4.7/10EPSS 0.09%

Last modified

CVE-2026-45927 is a medium-severity vulnerability rated 4.7/10 on the CVSS scale. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Require frozen map for calculating map hash Currently, bpf_map_get_info_by_fd calculates and caches the hash of the map regardless of the map's frozen state. This leads to a TOCTOU bug where userspace can call BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD to cache the hash and then modify the map contents before freezing. Therefore, a trusted loader can be tricked into verifying the stale hash while loading the modified contents. Fix this by returning -EPERM if the map is not frozen when the hash is requested. This ensures the hash is only generated for the final, immutable state of the map.. EPSS estimates a 0.09% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Require frozen map for calculating map hash Currently, bpf_map_get_info_by_fd calculates and caches the hash of the map regardless of the map's frozen state. This leads to a TOCTOU bug where userspace can call BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD to cache the hash and then modify the map contents before freezing. Therefore, a trusted loader can be tricked into verifying the stale hash while loading the modified contents. Fix this by returning -EPERM if the map is not frozen when the hash is requested. This ensures the hash is only generated for the final, immutable state of the map.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1
4.7/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

EPSS Probability
0.09%

0.7th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

Affected Software

VendorProductVersions
LinuxLinux Kernel>= 6.18, < 6.18.14
LinuxLinux Kernel>= 6.19, < 6.19.4

References

Timeline

Published
Last Modified
Status
Undergoing Analysis

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-45927?
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Require frozen map for calculating map hash Currently, bpf_map_get_info_by_fd calculates and caches the hash of the map regardless of the map's frozen state. This leads to a TOCTOU bug where userspace can call BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD to cache the hash and then modify the map contents before freezing. Therefore, a trusted loader can be tricked into verifying the stale hash while loading the modified contents. Fix this by returning -EPERM if the map is not frozen when the hash is requested. This ensures the hash is only generated for the final, immutable state of the map.
How severe is CVE-2026-45927?
CVE-2026-45927 has a CVSS score of 4.7/10 (MEDIUM severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.09% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2026-45927?
Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

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Source: NVD / NIST