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CVE-2026-5445

CRITICALCVSS 9.1/10EPSS 0.67%

Last modified

CVE-2026-5445 is a critical-severity vulnerability rated 9.1/10 on the CVSS scale. An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the `DecodeLookupTable` function within `DicomImageDecoder.cpp`. The lookup-table decoding logic used for `PALETTE COLOR` images does not validate pixel indices against the lookup table size. EPSS estimates a 0.67% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the `DecodeLookupTable` function within `DicomImageDecoder.cpp`. The lookup-table decoding logic used for `PALETTE COLOR` images does not validate pixel indices against the lookup table size. Crafted images containing indices larger than the palette size cause the decoder to read beyond allocated lookup table memory and expose heap contents in the output image.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1
9.1/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

EPSS Probability
0.67%

47.1th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

Affected Software

VendorProductVersions
Orthanc-ServerOrthanc< 1.12.11

References

Timeline

Published
Last Modified
Status
Analyzed

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-5445?
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the `DecodeLookupTable` function within `DicomImageDecoder.cpp`. The lookup-table decoding logic used for `PALETTE COLOR` images does not validate pixel indices against the lookup table size. Crafted images containing indices larger than the palette size cause the decoder to read beyond allocated lookup table memory and expose heap contents in the output image.
How severe is CVE-2026-5445?
CVE-2026-5445 has a CVSS score of 9.1/10 (CRITICAL severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.67% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2026-5445?
Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

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Source: NVD / NIST