CVE-2025-4166

Name: CVE-2025-4166
Creator: NVD / NIST
Published: 2025-05-02T15:15:50.313+00:00
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

MEDIUMCVSS 6.5/10EPSS 0.34%

Last modified Jun 17, 2026

CVE-2025-4166 is a medium-severity vulnerability rated 6.5/10 on the CVSS scale. Vault Community and Vault Enterprise Key/Value (kv) Version 2 plugin may unintentionally expose sensitive information in server and audit logs when users submit malformed payloads during secret creation or update operations via the Vault REST API. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-4166, is fixed in Vault Community 1.19.3 and Vault Enterprise 1.19.3, 1.18.9, 1.17.16, 1.16.20.. EPSS estimates a 0.34% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

Vault Community and Vault Enterprise Key/Value (kv) Version 2 plugin may unintentionally expose sensitive information in server and audit logs when users submit malformed payloads during secret creation or update operations via the Vault REST API. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-4166, is fixed in Vault Community 1.19.3 and Vault Enterprise 1.19.3, 1.18.9, 1.17.16, 1.16.20.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1

6.5/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

EPSS Probability

0.34%

25.3th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

CWE-209

Affected Software

Vendor	Product	Versions
Hashicorp	Vault	>= 0.3.0, < 1.16.20
Hashicorp	Vault	>= 0.3.0, < 1.19.3
Hashicorp	Vault	>= 1.17.0, < 1.17.16
Hashicorp	Vault	>= 1.18.0, < 1.18.9
Hashicorp	Vault	>= 1.19.0, < 1.19.3
Openbao	Openbao	< 2.2.2

References

https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-09-vault-may-expose-sensitive-information-in-error-logs-when-processing-malformed-data-with-the-kv-v2-pluginVendor Advisory

Timeline

Published: May 2, 2025
Last Modified: Jun 17, 2026
Status: Analyzed

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-4166?

How severe is CVE-2025-4166?

CVE-2025-4166 has a CVSS score of 6.5/10 (MEDIUM severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.34% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

How do I fix CVE-2025-4166?

Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

Are you affected by CVE-2025-4166?

Run a free Strix scan to check your systems for this vulnerability.

Scan your code now

Source: NVD / NIST