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CVE-2025-48413

HIGHCVSS 7.7/10EPSS 0.22%

Last modified

CVE-2025-48413 is a high-severity vulnerability rated 7.7/10 on the CVSS scale. The `/etc/passwd` and `/etc/shadow` files reveal hard-coded password hashes for the operating system "root" user. The credentials are shipped with the update files. EPSS estimates a 0.22% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

The `/etc/passwd` and `/etc/shadow` files reveal hard-coded password hashes for the operating system "root" user. The credentials are shipped with the update files. There is no option for deleting or changing their passwords for an enduser. An attacker can use the credentials to log into the device. Authentication can be performed via SSH backdoor or likely via physical access (UART shell).

Metrics

CVSS 3.1
7.7/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

EPSS Probability
0.22%

12.0th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

References

Timeline

Published
Last Modified
Status
Deferred

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-48413?
The `/etc/passwd` and `/etc/shadow` files reveal hard-coded password hashes for the operating system "root" user. The credentials are shipped with the update files. There is no option for deleting or changing their passwords for an enduser. An attacker can use the credentials to log into the device. Authentication can be performed via SSH backdoor or likely via physical access (UART shell).
How severe is CVE-2025-48413?
CVE-2025-48413 has a CVSS score of 7.7/10 (HIGH severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.22% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2025-48413?
Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

Are you affected by CVE-2025-48413?

Run a free Strix scan to check your systems for this vulnerability.

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Source: NVD / NIST