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CVE-2026-84311

LOWCVSS 3.3/10EPSS 0.18%

Last modified

CVE-2026-84311 is a low-severity vulnerability rated 3.3/10 on the CVSS scale. pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.16.1, an attacker can craft a PDF that causes pypdf/_page.py PageObject._extract_text and PageObject.extract_xform_text to traverse a directed acyclic graph of reused form XObjects in which each form invokes a child multiple times, creating exponentially many traversal paths and causing long runtimes and large memory consumption. EPSS estimates a 0.18% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Description

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.16.1, an attacker can craft a PDF that causes pypdf/_page.py PageObject._extract_text and PageObject.extract_xform_text to traverse a directed acyclic graph of reused form XObjects in which each form invokes a child multiple times, creating exponentially many traversal paths and causing long runtimes and large memory consumption. This issue is fixed in version 6.16.1.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1
3.3/10

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

CVSS 4.0
4.8/10

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

EPSS Probability
0.18%

7.1th percentile

Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days. Learn more

Weakness Enumeration

Affected Software

VendorProductVersions
Pypdf ProjectPypdf< 6.16.1

References

Timeline

Published
Last Modified
Status
Analyzed

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-84311?
pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.16.1, an attacker can craft a PDF that causes pypdf/_page.py PageObject._extract_text and PageObject.extract_xform_text to traverse a directed acyclic graph of reused form XObjects in which each form invokes a child multiple times, creating exponentially many traversal paths and causing long runtimes and large memory consumption. This issue is fixed in version 6.16.1.
How severe is CVE-2026-84311?
CVE-2026-84311 has a CVSS score of 3.3/10 (LOW severity). The EPSS model estimates a 0.18% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2026-84311?
Check the vendor references and advisories linked above for patched versions and mitigation guidance. You can also run a Strix scan to test if your systems are affected.

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Source: NVD / NIST